1. What is Centripetal Force?

Definition: Centripetal force is the force required to keep an object moving in a circular path at constant speed.

Purpose: This calculator computes the inward force needed for circular motion based on mass, velocity, and radius.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F_c \) — Centripetal force (Newtons, N)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kilograms, kg)
• \( v \) — Tangential velocity (meters/second, m/s)
• \( r \) — Radius of circular path (meters, m)

Explanation: The force increases with mass and velocity squared, but decreases with larger radius.

3. Importance of Centripetal Force

Details: Understanding centripetal force is crucial in designing roads, roller coasters, and analyzing planetary orbits.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass in kg, velocity in m/s, and radius in m. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between centripetal and centrifugal force?
A: Centripetal is the real inward force, while centrifugal is the apparent outward force in a rotating frame.

Q2: What provides centripetal force in different situations?
A: Tension (in a string), friction (for cars turning), gravity (for orbits), or normal force.

Q3: Does centripetal force do work on the object?
A: No, because the force is always perpendicular to the direction of motion.

Q4: How does angular velocity relate to this?
A: For \( v = \omega r \), the formula can also be written as \( F_c = m \omega^2 r \).

Q5: What happens if centripetal force is removed?
A: The object will move in a straight line (Newton's first law).