1. What is the Momentum Formula?

Definition: The momentum (p) of an object is the product of its mass (m) and velocity (v).

Purpose: This fundamental physics concept helps quantify motion and is crucial in understanding collisions and conservation laws.

2. How Does the Formula Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( p \) — Momentum (kilogram meters per second, kg m/s)
• \( m \) — Mass (kilograms, kg)
• \( v \) — Velocity (meters per second, m/s)

Explanation: Momentum increases with either greater mass or higher velocity, representing the "quantity of motion" an object has.

3. Importance of Momentum Calculation

Details: Momentum is conserved in closed systems, making it essential for analyzing collisions, rocket propulsion, and vehicle safety design.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass in kilograms and velocity in meters per second. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are the units of momentum?
A: The standard SI unit is kilogram meters per second (kg m/s).

Q2: How is momentum different from velocity?
A: Velocity measures speed with direction, while momentum incorporates both speed and mass, representing how hard it is to stop the object.

Q3: What happens to momentum in a collision?
A: In a closed system, total momentum before and after a collision remains constant (conservation of momentum).

Q4: Can momentum be negative?
A: Yes, momentum can be negative when velocity is negative, indicating direction opposite to your chosen positive reference direction.

Q5: How does momentum relate to force?
A: Force equals the rate of change of momentum (Newton's Second Law: F = dp/dt).