1. What is Gravitational Force?

Definition: Gravitational force is the attractive force between any two objects with mass, as described by Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

Purpose: This calculator helps determine the gravitational attraction between two objects based on their masses and distance.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F \) — Gravitational force (Newtons, N)
• \( G \) — Gravitational constant (6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg²)
• \( m_1 \) — Mass of first object (kg)
• \( m_2 \) — Mass of second object (kg)
• \( r \) — Distance between centers of mass (m)

Explanation: The force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

3. Importance of Gravitational Force Calculation

Details: Understanding gravitational forces is crucial in physics, astronomy, space exploration, and engineering applications like satellite orbits.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the masses of both objects in kilograms and their distance in meters. All values must be positive, with distance > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the gravitational constant (G)?
A: It's a fundamental physical constant that determines the strength of gravity in Newton's law (6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg²).

Q2: Why is the force so small for everyday objects?
A: Because G is extremely small, noticeable gravitational force only occurs with planetary-scale masses.

Q3: Does this work for celestial bodies?
A: Yes, the same formula applies to planets, stars, and other astronomical objects.

Q4: How does distance affect the force?
A: The force decreases with the square of the distance - double the distance means 1/4 the force.

Q5: Is this the same as weight?
A: Weight is the gravitational force between an object and Earth, but the principle is the same.