1. What is Gravitational Force?

Definition: Gravitational force is the attractive force between any two objects with mass.

Purpose: This calculator helps determine the gravitational attraction between two masses separated by a distance.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:

Where:

• \( F \) — Gravitational force (Newtons, N)
• \( G \) — Gravitational constant (6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg²)
• \( m_1 \) — Mass of first object (kg)
• \( m_2 \) — Mass of second object (kg)
• \( r \) — Distance between centers of masses (m)

Explanation: The force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

3. Importance of Gravitational Force Calculation

Details: Understanding gravitational forces is crucial in astrophysics, orbital mechanics, and understanding fundamental physical interactions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the masses of both objects in kilograms and the distance between them in meters. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the gravitational constant so small?
A: The gravitational force is very weak compared to other fundamental forces, hence the small constant value.

Q2: Does this work for any distance?
A: The formula works for any distance, but for very small distances (quantum scales), other forces dominate.

Q3: How accurate is this calculation?
A: It's accurate for classical physics. For extreme gravity (near black holes), Einstein's General Relativity is needed.

Q4: What units should I use?
A: Always use kilograms for mass and meters for distance to get force in Newtons.

Q5: Why is the result so small for everyday objects?
A: The gravitational force between everyday objects is extremely weak compared to Earth's gravity pulling them downward.