1. What is Impulse?

Definition: Impulse is the product of a force (F) and the time interval (Δt) during which the force acts. It equals the change in momentum of an object.

Purpose: This calculator helps physics students and engineers determine the impulse applied to an object when force and time are known.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( J \) — Impulse (Newton-seconds, N s)
• \( F \) — Force (Newtons, N)
• \( \Delta t \) — Time interval (seconds, s)

Explanation: The force is multiplied by the time duration over which it acts to calculate the impulse.

3. Importance of Impulse Calculation

Details: Impulse is crucial in understanding collisions, rocket propulsion, sports mechanics, and safety engineering (like airbag design).

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the force in Newtons and the time interval in seconds. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What are the units of impulse?
A: Impulse is measured in Newton-seconds (N s), which is equivalent to kg·m/s.

Q2: How is impulse related to momentum?
A: Impulse equals the change in momentum (J = Δp) according to the impulse-momentum theorem.

Q3: Why is impulse important in collisions?
A: It helps determine the forces involved during impact and is used to design safer vehicles and equipment.

Q4: Can impulse be negative?
A: Yes, when the force direction is opposite to the chosen positive direction, impulse can be negative.

Q5: What's a typical impulse value in sports?
A: A baseball hit by a bat might experience 50-100 N s of impulse during contact.