1. What is Gravitational Force Calculation?

Definition: This calculator computes the gravitational force between two masses using Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation.

Purpose: It helps physicists, astronomers, and students understand and quantify the attractive force between any two objects with mass.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F \) — Gravitational force (Newtons)
• \( G \) — Gravitational constant (6.674×10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg²)
• \( m_1 \) — Mass of first object (kg)
• \( m_2 \) — Mass of second object (kg)
• \( r \) — Distance between centers of masses (m)

Explanation: The force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

3. Importance of Gravitational Force

Details: This fundamental force governs celestial mechanics, planetary orbits, and everyday phenomena like objects falling to Earth.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter both masses in kilograms, distance in meters, and the gravitational constant (default 6.674×10⁻¹¹). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the gravitational constant so small?
A: The small value reflects the relative weakness of gravity compared to other fundamental forces at small scales.

Q2: Does this work for astronomical objects?
A: Yes, the same formula applies to planets, stars, and galaxies, though relativistic effects become significant at extreme scales.

Q3: What's the practical use of this calculation?
A: It's essential for space mission planning, satellite orbits, and understanding Earth's gravitational field.

Q4: Why is distance squared in the formula?
A: This inverse-square law reflects how gravity's influence spreads out over increasing surface area as distance grows.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: Extremely accurate for most applications, though general relativity provides more precise results in strong gravitational fields.