1. What is Centripetal Force?

Definition: Centripetal force is the force required to keep an object moving in a circular path at constant speed.

Purpose: This calculator computes the centripetal force needed based on an object's mass, velocity, and radius of circular motion.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F \) — Centripetal force (Newtons, N)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kilograms, kg)
• \( v \) — Velocity (meters per second, m/s)
• \( r \) — Radius of circular path (meters, m)

Explanation: The force increases with mass and the square of velocity, but decreases with larger radius.

3. Importance of Centripetal Force

Details: Understanding centripetal force is crucial in designing circular motion systems like roller coasters, centrifuges, and planetary orbits.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass in kg, velocity in m/s, and radius in m. All values must be positive (radius > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between centripetal and centrifugal force?
A: Centripetal force is the real inward force, while centrifugal is the apparent outward force felt in a rotating frame.

Q2: What happens if the force is insufficient?
A: The object will move in a straight line (Newton's first law) instead of following the circular path.

Q3: Can velocity be zero?
A: Yes, but then the force would be zero (no circular motion).

Q4: How does radius affect the force?
A: Larger radius means less force is needed for the same velocity and mass.

Q5: What are real-world applications?
A: Used in designing roads (banked curves), amusement park rides, satellite orbits, and particle accelerators.