1. What is Centripetal Force?

Definition: Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, directed towards the center of rotation.

Purpose: This calculator helps determine the force required to maintain circular motion for a given mass, velocity, and radius.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F_c \) — Centripetal force (Newtons, N)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kilograms, kg)
• \( v \) — Tangential velocity (meters per second, m/s)
• \( r \) — Radius of the circular path (meters, m)

Explanation: The force required increases with mass and velocity squared, but decreases with larger radius.

3. Importance of Centripetal Force Calculation

Details: Understanding centripetal force is crucial in designing circular motion systems like roller coasters, centrifuges, and planetary orbits.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass in kg, velocity in m/s, and radius in m. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between centripetal and centrifugal force?
A: Centripetal is the real inward force, while centrifugal is the apparent outward force in a rotating frame.

Q2: How does velocity affect centripetal force?
A: Force increases with the square of velocity - double the speed requires 4x the force.

Q3: What happens if centripetal force is removed?
A: The object will move in a straight line tangent to its circular path (Newton's 1st Law).

Q4: Can this be used for planetary motion?
A: Yes, gravity provides the centripetal force for planetary orbits.

Q5: What are common sources of centripetal force?
A: Tension (in strings), friction (for cars turning), gravity (for orbits), or normal force.