1. What is Buoyancy Force?

Definition: Buoyancy force is the upward force exerted by a fluid on an immersed object, equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

Purpose: This principle explains why objects float or sink and is fundamental in fluid mechanics and naval architecture.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F_b \) — Buoyancy force (Newtons)
• \( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³)
• \( V \) — Volume of fluid displaced (m³)
• \( g \) — Acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m/s²)

Explanation: The force depends on the fluid's density, the volume displaced by the object, and gravitational acceleration.

3. Importance of Buoyancy Force

Details: Understanding buoyancy is crucial for designing ships, submarines, flotation devices, and understanding natural phenomena like icebergs.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the fluid density (water is ~1000 kg/m³), displaced volume, and gravity (default 9.81 m/s²). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the density of common fluids?
A: Fresh water: 1000 kg/m³, Salt water: ~1025 kg/m³, Air: ~1.225 kg/m³ at sea level.

Q2: How do I find displaced volume?
A: For fully submerged objects, it's the object's volume. For floating objects, it's the volume below the fluid surface.

Q3: Why is gravity included?
A: Buoyancy force depends on the weight of displaced fluid, which is mass × gravity.

Q4: What if my object is floating?
A: The buoyancy force equals the object's weight when floating (equilibrium condition).

Q5: How does shape affect buoyancy?
A: Shape only affects buoyancy by changing the displaced volume. The force depends only on ρ, V, and g.