1. What is Centripetal Force?

Definition: Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center around which the object is moving.

Purpose: This force is essential for circular motion and is present in phenomena like planetary orbits, car turning, and amusement park rides.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F_c \) — Centripetal force (Newtons, N)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kilograms, kg)
• \( v \) — Velocity of the object (meters per second, m/s)
• \( r \) — Radius of the circular path (meters, m)

Explanation: The force required to keep an object moving in a circle increases with mass and velocity squared, and decreases with larger radius.

3. Importance of Centripetal Force

Details: Understanding centripetal force is crucial for designing safe roads, roller coasters, and understanding planetary motion in astronomy.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass in kg, velocity in m/s, and radius in m. All values must be > 0 for valid calculations.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between centripetal and centrifugal force?
A: Centripetal is the real inward force, while centrifugal is the apparent outward force felt in a rotating frame of reference.

Q2: How does velocity affect centripetal force?
A: Force increases with the square of velocity - double the speed requires 4x the force.

Q3: What are common examples of centripetal force?
A: Car turning (friction provides force), Earth's orbit (gravity), washing machine spin cycle.

Q4: How is this related to angular velocity?
A: The formula can also be written as \( F_c = m \omega^2 r \) where ω is angular velocity in rad/s.

Q5: What happens if centripetal force is removed?
A: The object would move in a straight line tangent to the circle (Newton's 1st Law).