1. What is Centripetal Force?

Definition: Centripetal force is the net force required to keep an object moving in a circular path at constant speed.

Purpose: This force is directed toward the center of rotation and is essential for circular motion.

2. How Does the Formula Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F_c \) — Centripetal force (Newtons)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kilograms)
• \( v \) — Tangential velocity (meters/second)
• \( r \) — Radius of circular path (meters)

Explanation: The force needed increases with mass and the square of velocity, but decreases with larger radius.

3. Importance of Centripetal Force

Details: Understanding centripetal force is crucial in designing roads, roller coasters, planetary orbits, and many mechanical systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass of the object, its velocity, and the radius of its circular path. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between centripetal and centrifugal force?
A: Centripetal force is real (inward force), while centrifugal force is a fictitious force that appears in rotating reference frames.

Q2: How does velocity affect the force needed?
A: Force increases with the square of velocity - double the speed requires 4× the force.

Q3: What are some real-world examples?
A: Car turning (friction provides force), Earth's orbit (gravity provides force), washing machine spin cycle.

Q4: What happens if centripetal force disappears?
A: The object would move in a straight line (Newton's first law).

Q5: How is this related to angular velocity?
A: The formula can also be written as F_c = m × ω² × r, where ω is angular velocity in radians/second.