1. What is Centripetal Force?

Definition: Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, directed toward the center of rotation.

Purpose: This calculator helps physics students and professionals determine the force required to maintain circular motion.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F_c \) — Centripetal force (Newtons, N)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kilograms, kg)
• \( v \) — Tangential velocity (meters/second, m/s)
• \( r \) — Radius of circular path (meters, m)

Explanation: The force increases with mass and the square of velocity, but decreases with larger radius.

3. Importance of Centripetal Force

Details: Understanding centripetal force is crucial for designing circular motion systems like roller coasters, centrifuges, and planetary orbits.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass in kg, velocity in m/s, and radius in m. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between centripetal and centrifugal force?
A: Centripetal force is real (inward force), while centrifugal force is a fictitious force that appears in rotating reference frames.

Q2: How does velocity affect centripetal force?
A: Force increases with the square of velocity - double the speed requires 4× the force.

Q3: What are some real-world examples?
A: Car turning (friction provides force), Earth's orbit (gravity provides force), washing machine spin cycle.

Q4: What happens if centripetal force disappears?
A: The object would move in a straight line (Newton's First Law).

Q5: How is this related to angular velocity?
A: For \( v = \omega r \), the formula can also be written as \( F_c = m \omega^2 r \).