1. What is Centripetal and Centrifugal Force?

Definition: Centripetal force is the inward force required to keep an object moving in a circular path, while centrifugal force is the apparent outward force experienced in a rotating frame of reference.

Purpose: These concepts are fundamental in understanding circular motion in physics and engineering applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( F_c \) — Centripetal force (Newtons, N)
• \( m \) — Mass of the object (kilograms, kg)
• \( v \) — Tangential velocity (meters per second, m/s)
• \( r \) — Radius of the circular path (meters, m)

Explanation: The force needed to maintain circular motion increases with mass and velocity squared, but decreases with larger radius.

3. Importance of Centripetal Force Calculation

Details: Understanding this force is crucial for designing roads, roller coasters, centrifuges, and analyzing planetary orbits.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the mass in kg, velocity in m/s, and radius in m. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between centripetal and centrifugal force?
A: Centripetal is the real inward force causing circular motion, while centrifugal is the apparent outward force in a rotating frame.

Q2: What are some real-world examples?
A: Car turning (friction provides centripetal force), satellite orbits (gravity provides centripetal force), washing machine spin cycle.

Q3: How does velocity affect the force?
A: Force increases with the square of velocity - double the speed requires four times the force.

Q4: What happens if centripetal force disappears?
A: The object will move in a straight line (Newton's First Law) tangent to its circular path.

Q5: Can this formula be used for planetary motion?
A: Yes, with gravity providing the centripetal force in orbital mechanics calculations.