1. What is Gravitational Force?

Definition: Gravitational force is the attractive force between any two objects with mass. It is one of the four fundamental forces of nature.

Purpose: This calculator helps determine the gravitational attraction between two objects based on their masses and distance.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:

Where:

• \( F \) — Gravitational force (Newtons)
• \( G \) — Gravitational constant (6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹ N(m/kg)²)
• \( m_1 \) — Mass of first object (kg)
• \( m_2 \) — Mass of second object (kg)
• \( r \) — Distance between centers of mass (m)

Explanation: The force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

3. Importance of Gravitational Force Calculation

Details: Understanding gravitational forces is crucial in astrophysics, orbital mechanics, and understanding fundamental physical interactions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the masses of both objects in kilograms and their separation distance in meters. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why is the gravitational force so small for everyday objects?
A: Because the gravitational constant G is extremely small (6.67430 × 10⁻¹¹), so only very large masses (like planets) produce noticeable forces.

Q2: Does this calculator work for celestial bodies?
A: Yes, you can use it for any objects as long as you input their masses and distance.

Q3: What's the gravitational constant G?
A: It's a fundamental physical constant that determines the strength of gravity in Newton's law of universal gravitation.

Q4: How does distance affect gravitational force?
A: The force decreases with the square of the distance - if distance doubles, force becomes 1/4 as strong.

Q5: Why can't distance be zero?
A: At zero distance, the formula would require division by zero, which is undefined. Also, real objects can't occupy the exact same space.