1. What is Buoyancy Force?

Definition: Buoyancy force is the upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.

Purpose: This calculator helps determine the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in water, which is essential for engineering, physics, and marine applications.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses Archimedes' principle formula:

Where:

• \( F_b \) — Buoyancy force (Newtons)
• \( \rho \) — Fluid density (kg/m³, default 1000 for water)
• \( V \) — Submerged volume of the object (m³)
• \( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (m/s², default 9.81)

Explanation: The buoyant force equals the weight of the displaced fluid.

3. Importance of Buoyancy Calculation

Details: Understanding buoyancy is crucial for ship design, submarine operations, flotation devices, and many engineering applications involving fluids.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the fluid density (default 1000 kg/m³ for water), submerged volume, and gravitational acceleration (default 9.81 m/s²). All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What if I'm using a fluid other than water?
A: Adjust the density value accordingly (e.g., 1027 kg/m³ for seawater, 789 kg/m³ for ethanol).

Q2: How do I find the submerged volume of an object?
A: For regular shapes, use geometric formulas. For irregular shapes, use water displacement methods.

Q3: Does this account for partial submersion?
A: No, this calculates full submersion. For partial submersion, use the actual submerged volume.

Q4: What's the relationship between buoyancy and object weight?
A: If buoyant force > object weight, it floats. If less, it sinks. If equal, it remains suspended.

Q5: How does saltwater affect buoyancy?
A: Saltwater is denser (≈1027 kg/m³), creating greater buoyant force than freshwater at the same volume.